??? ????????? ?? ???. ??? ??????? ?????????-??????? ??? ????????????????

? ?????????? ?????????? ????????? ??? ?????????????? (RRF), ?? ???????? “?????? ?????????”, ????????? ?? ?????????????? ?? ??????????? ?????????????? ???? ???????? ?????????? ??? ?????????????? ???? ????? ??? ?????????? ??????. ???? ?????? ????? ???????* ???? ??????????? ? ?????? ???????????? ??? 300 ????? ??? ??????? 105 ????????? ???????, ?? ???????? ????????????? ??????? €22 ???. ?? ???? ???? ????? ???????????????? ?? ???????????? ????? ?? 2026 ??? ???????????? ??? ????????????? ??? 550 ????????? ??????? ? ??????? ??? ??? ?????? ????.

????, ?????????? ??? ????? ????. ?? ???????? ?????? ????????? ??? ?????????????? (RRP), ?????? ?? “?????? 2.0”, ????????? ???????? 184 ??????? ?? ?????????? ??? ?????????????? ????? €31 ???.
?? ??????? ????? ??????????? ???, ???? ?????? ???? ???????? ?????? ??? ??? ????????? ??? ?? ????????? ??? ??????? ?????????, ? ?????? ????? ??????? ?????, ??????? ????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ?? ?????????? ??? ?????? ??? ?? ??? ???? ?????????? ?? ???????????? ???? ?? ???????, ???? ??? ??? ?? ??? ????????? ? ?????????? ????.
???? ?? ????? ??? ??????? ????????? ????? ??? ????????? ??????? ??? ??? ??????. ? ????, ??? ????? ? ??? ????????? ???? ??, ?????????? ?????? ???? ?????? ??? ?? ??????? ??? ????? ?? ??? ????? ?????????? ? ????????? ??? ??? ??? ?? ???????????? ???? ??????? ?????????? ???? ?????? ???????? ?????????, ???? ? ????????? ?????? ??? ?? ???????????? ?????????.

H ????????? ????????? ???? ????????? ??????? ??????? ??????? ??? ????????? ??????? ????????? ??? ??? ??????? ???, ???? ?????????? ???? ??? ??????? ????????, ?? ?????, ????, ??? ????? ??????? ????????? ?? ????????????? ? ?????? ???????????? ?????.

??? ?????????? ?? RRF

????, ????, ??? ??????? ???? ?? ?????? ????? ??????? ?? ???????? ???? ???????? ??? ????? ?? ??? ????? ?????????? ?? ?????? ?????????, ? ?????? ????? ?????? ???????????? ??? ??? ????? ??????????? ??? “????????” ?????????? ?????, ?????? ??? ???? ? ??? ???. ?? ???????????? ????? ????????? ???? ????????? ???????? ?? ?????? ???? ??? ??? ?????????? ??? ????? ??? RRF ????? ?? ???? ??? 2021.
?? ?????? ???? ???? ????????? ????????? -?? ???????? ???? ??????? 750 ???????- ??? ????????? ?????????? ??? ?????????????? ??? ??????? ???????? ???????: ??? ???????? ????????? (??????? 1), ??? ???????? ????????? (2), ??? ?????? ???????????, ?????????? ??? ?????????? ??????? (3) ??? ??? ?????? ????????? ?????????? ??? ??????????????? ??? ?????????? (4). ?? ??????? ????? ?????????? ?? 18 ????????? ?????? ??? ? ???? ?????? ???????????? ??? ????? ??? ???????? ???????. ??? ??????? ????? ??? ???????, ?? ?????? ????????? ??? ??? ?????? ??? ??? ????? ????? ??????? ???????, ??????????? ?? ????????? ???? ??? ?????? ?????????????????.
? ???????? ???? ????? ?????? -??? ??????????, ?????????? ?? ?? ????- ???????? ???? ?????????????? ??? ???? ????????? ??? ?????. ???????, ?????? ??? ????? ??? ????? ???????? ????? ?????? ???????? ??? 13 ?????????????? ?? ???????? ?????????????· ????????? ?????? ??? ?????????? ??????, ???? ? ?????????? ??????????? ???????? ??? ???? ????????? ??? ?????????? ????????, ? ? ????????? ??? ??? ???????? ??? ???????????? ??????????.

?? ??????????? ???? ??? ??????? ????????? ????????????, ??????, ??? ??????? ??????? ?? ??? ?????? ????: ???????????? ??????? ??? ???????? ???????? ????, ???? ??? ????? ?? ?????? ?? ????? ??????????? ???????????? ???? ??? ?????. ?? ??????????? ??? ???? ?? ???????, ?? ????? ??????? ???????? 17 ??????? (???? ?? ??? ????? ????????), ?????????? ?????? ?? ??? ???????? ??? ??????? ?????????, ??? ?? ???????? ????? ????? ?????????????.
??? ?? ???? ??? ??????? ????????? ????? ??? ? ??? ????????? ?? “????????? ???????”, ?? ????? ????????????? ??? ?????? ????. ????? ??? ?? ?????????, ? ???? ??????????? ?????? ?? “????????? ???????” ?? 17 ????, ?? ?????, ???????, ??????? ?? ?????????? ??? ??????????? ?????. ??????????, ?? ???? ???? ???? ??? ???? ?????? ??? ?????? ?????????? -?? ???? ??? ????? ???????? ????? ??????? ????? ??? ???? ??? ???? ?????? ??????????. ??????? ?? ?????? ?????????? ????? ??????? ??????????? ??? ??????????? ??????????, ????????????? ?????? ? ??? ???????? ????????????: ??? ?? ?????? ??? ??? ???????? ??? ??????????? ????? ??? ?????? ????? ???????? ??? ???????? ???????? ?????? ? ??????? ??????????? ?? ??? ??? ??????.?? “??????” ????

???????????? ?? ???? ??? RRF, ?? ????? ????? ???????? ????? ???? ???? ?????????, ???? ??? ????? ??? ????????????? ??? ??????, ?????, ???., ??????? ????? ??? ?? ???? ?? ??? ?????????? ????????????? ?????? ???? ???? -???? ??????????? ??? €10 ???.-, ??? ?? ???????. ????????? ??? ?? “???????? ??????? ??????? ????????? ??? ??????????????“, ??? ???? ????????????? €11,7 ???. (?? ?????? ??? ?????????????? ??? ???????? ?????? ????????? ?? €12,7 ???.). ????? ??? ???? ?????????? ??? ?? ??? ????? ????????? ??? ?????????????? ??? ??????? ????????? ??? ??????? ?? ???? ??? ?????????????? ??? ????? ??? ????? ??? ????????.
???? ????? ?????????; ?? “????” ????? ???? ???? ?? ?????????? ?????? ?? ????????? ??? ?? ?????? ?????????, ?? ????? ???????? ???? ??? ????????. ? ?????? ????? ????? ?? ????? ??? 2022 ?? ???? ??????????? ??????????? ??? ???? ???. ???? ???, ??????????, €3,5 ???. ????? ?? ????? ??? 2023. ?? ???????? ???? ???????? ?? ????????? ????????, ??????? ??? ?????? ?? ????????? ???????? ??? ???????? ??? ??????, ??? ?????????? ??? ???? ?????????? ???? ??????????? ???? ?? ??? ??????? ???? ?? ??? ??????? ????????.
?? ??????? ?????????? ???? ????? ??? ?? ?????????? “????????” ????: ?? ?????? “??????????”, ??? ???????? ??? ?????????? ?????????? ?????????, ??? ?? ????? ???? ?????????? ?????????????? ??????? €1,3 ???.
??????? ?????? ?? ????? ??? ???? ???????? ?????? ??? ??? ?????????????? ??? ??????? ????????? ?? ??? ???? ??????????????? ??? ?????, ??? ??? ??? ????. ???? ?????, ????? ???????, ???????????? ??? ??? ??? 31 ????. ????? ??? ?? ???? ??? ????????, ? ???? ?????? ??????????? ??? ?? ??? “??????” ????: ?????????? ?? ????? ???? ?????? ? ?????????? ??? ??????? ??? ?? “??????????”. ????? ????? ???????????, ??????, ?? ??? ? ?????????? ??? “???????” ????????, ???? ??? ????????????? ??? ??????? ??? ??? ??????, ????-????????????? ???? ?????? ??????? ?? ??? ?????????? ?????????????. ????? ??? ?? “??????????”, ??????? ? ????? ??? ??? ????? “????????” ?????????? (?.?. ???? ???????) ??? ???? ??????????? ???????? ????????? ??????? (€475 ????. ????????? ?????????????? -????? ???????? ???? ??? ????????? ??????? ?? ????). ????? ??????? ??? ????? ??? ??? ??????????? ??????????? ????????? ?? ????????????? €450 ????., ? ????? ???? ???? ?? ????? ??? ???????????? ?????? ????, ???? ???? ??????? ???????. ?????, ?? ???? ??? ??????? ?? ???????????? ??? ???????????? ??????????, ??? ?????? ?? ?????? ??? ?????? ??????????? ?????? ?? ??? ??? ??????, ????? ????????? ??? ???????????? ????????????? ??? ??????????? ?????? (€400 ?????? €250 ????.), ????????? ???????? ?????? ??? ???????????? ???????? ??????????.

? ????? ?? ??? ????? ?????????? ?????????????, ??? ?????????? ?? €1 ???., ????????? ??? ????????????? ??? ?????????? ??? ???? ??????? (“??? ?????????? ??? ?? ??? ???? ?????? ??? ?? ?????? ??????? ??????????? ??????????”). ??????, ?? ???? ??? ?????, ???? ?? ?????, ???????? ??? ???????????? ????? ???????????? ???? ?? ??????? 10% ????? ??? ??????????????. ?????? ??? 20 ??????? ?? ??? ??? ?????? ????????????? ??????? ??? ????? ????? ??? ?????????? ?? ??? ?????????? ??? ?????????, ?? “??????????? ????????? ???????????” -?? ???? ??? ????????? ?? ???? ??? ????? ???????? (????? €496 ????.) ?????????? ??? ???????? ????????????? (€541 ????., ??????? ???? ?????).
???? ?????? ?????? ??????? ?? ??? ?????????? ????????????? ??????? ????????? ???????? ???????? ??????? ?? ?????? ????? ????? ?? ??? ??????? ?????????????? ??? ???????. ????? ? “??????????? ??? ???????” (????? ??? ??????????? ??????? ??? ???????????, ??? ???????????????? ??? ??? ?????????????, ?? ????????????? €600 ????.), ? ???????? ??????????????? ??? ???????????? ???????????? (???????? ???????? ??????? – €465 ????.), ? ???????? ??????????????? ??? ??????????? (?? ???? ??? ??? ????????? ???????????? ?????????? ??? ?????????? ??????????, ???? ??? ?? ?????? “??????? ???????” ??? ???????? ??????????? ????????? ??????? ??? ???????? – €377 ????.) ??? ? ???????? ??????????????? ??? ?????? (???????????? ???????, ???????????, ??????????? ?????, ?.?., – €344 ????.).
??????? ??? ??? “??????????? 20” ??????? ??? ??????? ????????? ??????? ???? ?????. ????? ??? ??? ???????????, ???????????? ????? ??? ??? ?????????? ??????????? (€317 ????., ?? ???? ????? €315 ????.), ??? ?? ???????????? ??? ???????????? ?????? (€271 ??? €247 ????. ??????????), ??? ??? ???????? ??????? ??????? ??? ??? ??????? (€253 ????., ???? ???? €50 ????. ?? ???? ????? ???????) ????? ??? ??? ??? ?????????? ??? clawback ?? ??????? ??????? ??? ????????? (€250 ????.). ??????????, ????? ??? ??? ???????????, ??????? ???? “20 ??????” ??????? ??? ??? ????? ????? ??? ?????????? ?? ??? ??????????, ? “???????? ??? ?????????, ??? ??????????? ??? ??? ???????????? ??? ????????????” ?? ???????? ????????????? €471 ????. ???? ?? ????? ???, ??????? ?????, ???? ??? ??? ??????????? ??? ??????????? (€9,5 ????.) ?? ???? ???????? ?? ???? ????? ???????.
?????, ????? ?????????? ??? ?????? ??? 20 ??????????? ?? ????????????? ????? ???????? ????? ??? “???????????” ?????? ???? ?????? ???????: ?? ????? ???????-??????? ??? ???????????????? ?-65 (?? ???? €480 ????.) ??? ? ??????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ?? ????????????? €427 ????. ??? ????????? ???? ????? €290 ????. ??? ???????? ???????????? ??? ????? ??? ??? ?????????????? ??? ????????? ????? (?????? ???????? ?????????? ???? ???????????? ??? ????????????, ???.) ?? ????????????? €519 ????. ??? ??? ????????? ?????????? ???? ????????, ?? ???? €326 ????.
?????? ??? 20 ??????? ?? ??? ?????????? ?????????????, ?? 13 ????? ?????????? ??? ?? ???????? ??????????????. ????? ??????? ?????????? ??? ? ???? ??????? ???????? ??????????? ??? ??? ?? ?????? ??? ???????: 116 ?????????? ??? 68 ??????????????.
???? ???????? ??? ??? ?????? ??? ??? ???????? ???????????, ?? ???? ??? ?????????????? ??? ????? ??? ???? ???????? ???? ???? ????? ?????? ???? ?? ????? ???? ????????? ??? ?????????????? ??? ??????? ?????????, ?? ??? ????? ????? ???????? ??? ?? ???????????? ????, ???? ??????????, ?? ??? ??? ???? ????? ???????????? ????? ??? ????? ?????????????? ?????, ???? ???? ????????? ??? ??????? ???????????? ???????. ????????, ?? ??????? ??????? ?? ???????? ??? ????????? ?? ???? ??? ???????? ????????????? ??? ?????????? ?????, ?????? ??? ??????? ??????????? ?????. ??????????? ?? ??????? ??? ?? ??? ???? ??????, ??? ?? ????????????, ??? ??? ?????????? ????????? ??? ??? ?? ?????? ?????? ????????, ?? ?????? ?????????? ?? ?????? ????? ??????. ????????, ???????????? ??? ????? ???????? ????? ???????: ? ????????? ?????????????? (€200 ????.), ? ?????????? ??? ?????, ??? ?????, ??? ?????, ??? ??????????? ??? ??? ??????? ??? ????????? ?????? (€194 ????.), ?? ??????? ??? ??? ?????????? ?????????? “??????????? ????????” (€173 ????.) ??? ? ?????????? ??? ????????? cloud ??? ???????? (€118 ????. -?? €95 ????. ???? ????????????? ??? ??????? ?????????).?????, ?? ??? ??????? ?? ??? ?????????? ?????? ????? ?????, ?? ???????, ????? ??? ??????? ??? ?????????: “? ?????????? ?? ?????? ?????????” ??? ?? “???????????? ?????????”, ?? ???????? 61 ???? ??????? ?????? ??????????????. ?? ?? ???? ???? ?????????????? ? ???????????? ??????? ????????????? ?????, ????????? ??? ???? ???????. ????????, ????? ??? ???????? ??? ???? ???? ?????????????? €46 ????. ??? ??? ???????? ??? ????? ????????? ???????? ??? ?????.?? ?????? ??? ????????? ??? ???????

? ??????? ??? ??????? ?????, ???????, ??? ?????? ??? ?? ?????????? ???? ??? ????? ??? ??????? ?????????. ???? ? ???????? ??? ????? ??? ??????, ?????? ?? ?????????? ?????????????? ??? ??????????? ??????? ?? ?? ????????? ??? ??????? ?????????, ????? ??? ?????????? ?????? ??? ?? ???? ???? ??? “?????? 2.0” ????????? ??? ??????? ??? ???? ????????.

? ??????? ?? “?????????” ?? ?????????? ????? ??? ?????????????? ??? ????? ??????? ????? ? ??????? 4, ??? ????? ??? ????????? ?????????? ??? ??? ?????????????? ??? ??????????. ???? ?? 166 ???? ??? ????? ???????? ???????????? ?? ??????? 85% ??? ?????, ?????? €15 ??? ?? €17,6 ???. ??????, ???? ????????? ?? ?????? ????? ???? ???????? ?????????, ??? “????????????” ??????????? ??? €12 ???. ????? ???????, ?? ???? ?? ????? ??? ???? ???? ?????? ??? ????????????? ??????, ? “???????? ??? ??????????? ?????????” (4.1), ? “???????? ??? ????????????????? ?????” (4.4) ??? ? “???????? ??? “??????? ??? ???????????” (4.5) ???????????? ?? ???????? ??? 20% ??? ?????????????? ??? ???????.

????????? ???? ???????? ? ??????? 2, ??? ????? ??? ??????? ??????????????, ?? ?????????? €1,6 ??? ?? €2,2 ???. -?????? ??????? ?? 72%- ?? 25 ????. ? ?????? ????? ??????????? ?????????? ????, ???? ?? ???? ?? ??????? ??? ???? ????? ?????? ??? ?????? ???????????? ?? ??????????? 40% ??? ????????? ??????????????. ? ??????? 3 ??? ??? ??????????, ??? ?????????? ??? ??? ????????? ?????? ????????? ?? ??? ????????????? ??? 88 ?????????? ????? ??? 53% ??? ?????????????? (€2,8 ??? ?? €5,2 ???.). ??? ??????, ? “????????????? ?????????? ??? ?????????” (3.2) ??? ? “???????? ?? ????? ???????????? ?????????” (3.4) ???????? ?? ?????? ?????????? ??? ????, ?? ???? ??? ???????????? ?? ???????? ??? 33% ??? ??????????????.
?????????? ??????? ? ??????? 1, ??? ???????? ???????????????, ?? 38 ???? ??? ???????????? ??? 42% ??? ????????? ?????????????? ??? €6,2 ???. ???????, ? “????????” ???? ???????? ?? “?????????” ??? ???? ?????? 1.1, 1.3 ??? 1.4, ??? ??????? ??? ?????????? ???????? (????????? ???? ??? 16% ??? ????????? ??? “?????? 2.0”), ??? “????????” ????????? (8%) ??? ??? “??????? ????? ??? ?????, ????????????? ???? ????????? ?????? ??? ????????? ??? ???????????????” (5%) ??????????. ????????, ? ?????? 1.2, ??? ????? ??? ?????????? ?????????? ??? ??????? ???? ????????? ???? €2,3 ???. ??? ?? €2,7 ???., ??? 84% ??? ?????????????? ??? ??????? ?????????. ?? ?????????? ??? ???? ?? ???? ????? ?? “??????????”.

?? ??????? ??? ? ??????

????, ??? ??? ???? ????? ??????????? ?? ???????????? ??? ???? ?? ????; ?? 317 ???? ??? ??????????????? ?? ???? ?? ????????? ????????? “?????????” ???? ???? 567 ???????, ?????? ???? ??? ????? ??? ?????? ?? ????? ??????????? ?? ???????????? ????? -??? ????? ??? ???? ?? ???? ????. ?? ??????? ????, ??? ??? ???????????? ????? ?????????? ??? ?? ??? ?????????? ??? ?????? ??? ??????? (??? ????? ???????? ???????, ???? ? ?? ????????? ??????? ????????? ?????? ?? “?????????” ??? ????????) ???????????? ?? ?????? ?? ??? ???????, ????? ??? ?? ??????? ??????? ??? 2026.

???? ????????, ? ?????? ?? ?? ??????????? ??????? ????? ?? 2025 ??? ?????? ?? ????????? ??????? ??? ???????, ??? ?? ????? ??? ?? ??? “?????????” ??????? ??? ???, ????? ???? ?????? ?? ??????????? ??????? ?? ??? ????? ??? ??????? ??? ????????: 190 ??? ?? 567. ???? ??? ? ?????? ??? ?????????, ?? 2022, ???? ?????? ???????: 145 ??? ?????? ?? ?? 96 ??? ???? ?? ??????? ?? ????????? ??????? ??? ??????.

??????????
?? ?????? ?????????, ???? ??? ???????? ??? ??? ??? ????? ???, ?? ??? ?????? ?? ???????????? ???? ??? ???????, ???? ?????? ??????? ??? ??? ??????. ? ???? ?????? ?? ?????? ???? ?????? ?? ??????????????? ?? ??????? ????? ??????????, ??? “????????” ???????????????? ??? ?? ?? ?????????, ?? ???? ???????????? ??? ???????, ?? ???????????? ?? ?????????? ??? ?????????. ?????, ??????????? ??? 300 ???? ????? ???????? ??? ????????????? ??? ?? ?????? ????????? ??? “???????”, ???????? ??????? ??? “????? ??????” ??? ?? ??? ????????? ? ?????????? ????? ??? ?????. ????????? ? “???????? ??????? ???? ??? RRF”, ???? ??????????? ?? ??????????? ??????????? ??? ?? ??? ????? ??? ????????? ??????????????· ? ???????? ??? ?????? ????? ?? ????????? ?? ?????? ????? ??? ??? ???????? ????????? ??? “?????? 2.0”. ???? ??? ????? ???? ?? ??????: ?? ????? ??? ???????????? ??? ??? ?????????? ?????????? ??? ????????? ??? ??? ??? ?????????? ??? ?????????? ??? ????????? ????? ?????? ??????? ????????. ???? ??? ? ????????????? ??????? ????????????, ???????????, ?????? ???? ??? ??????? ????? ????????. ??? ?? ??????????? ??? ???? ?? ????;
?? ??????? ??????? ?????? ? ???? ?? ?????? ?? ?????????? ??????????? ??????? ??? ??????? ??? ??????????? ?? ?????????? ??? ?????????????? ??? RRF ??? ?????????? ?????? ?? ??? ????????. ?????????? ?? ????????? ??? ???? ?????????? ??????????? ??????, ??? ???? ??? ??? ???. ?? ???????? ?????? ??? ???? ???????????? ???? ??? ???????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ?? ???? ????? ??????? ????????. ????? ??? ?????????? ???????, ??? ???? ?????? ?? ?????? ??? ?? ??????????.

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